Massive MIMO in 5G Networks: Trade-offs in Capacity and Complexity

Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is a foundational element of 5G networks, designed to meet the surging demand for increased data rates and energy efficiency. This paper delves into the principles of massive MIMO, examining its implementation challenges and the trade-offs among capacity, complexity, and performance. Drawing on insights from recent research, we analyze the transformative potential of this technology, highlighting its role in enhancing network performance and addressing the economic and technical constraints inherent in 5G deployment.