Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Model for Collision Avoidance Planning in Commercial Aircraft Formations

With advancements in technology, commercial aircraft formation flying is becoming increasingly feasible as an efficient and environmentally friendly flight method. However, gaps remain in practical implementation, particularly in collision avoidance for aircraft formations. Existing avoidance algorithms mainly focus on single aircraft or unmanned aerial vehicle swarms, lacking comprehensive studies on the complex interactions within commercial aircraft formations. To address this, this paper proposes an optimization model designed to generate safe and effective collision avoidance solutions for commercial aircraft formations. This model demonstrates avoidance paths for formations facing intruders and offers insights for developing formation flight strategies. This study explores response strategies for commercial aircraft formations encountering intruders, considering the difficulty of pilot maneuvers. The findings provide theoretical support for the practical implementation of commercial formation flying and may advance the adoption of this technology.