Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for Nonlinear Heart Rhythm Regulation: A Model-Based Approach

The regulation of heart rhythm in patients can be achieved by applying effective control methodologies. This requires the creation of a dynamic model of the human heart, which serves as the foundation for designing a suitable control strategy to manage its behavior. In this study, a sliding mode control (SMC) approach is employed to address the nonlinear and uncertain nature of the heart rhythm system. Given the lack of a priori knowledge regarding the bounds of uncertainties in the heart rate model, an adaptive SMC method is used, thereby eliminating the need for predefined uncertainty bounds. To reduce the chattering effect and design a smooth controller, an approximation reaching section is implemented within the boundary layer. Simulation outcomes validate the performance of the proposed controller in regulating the behavior of the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, highlighting its potential for clinical application.