Grid Structure Optimization Methods Based on Carbon Flow Analysis

Under the wave of green and low-carbon development in the power industry and the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, electricity users are increasingly concerned about the carbon emission intensity of their electricity consumption. This paper investigates the impact of grid topology on users’ carbon emission intensity, establishing a power-flow-based carbon flow calculation method to determine the carbon emission intensity for each user. Subsequently, a carbon flow-incorporated grid optimization approach is developed to meet users' carbon intensity requirements through grid structure optimization, implemented using an adaptive firefly algorithm. Finally, case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.