<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> evaluation of <i>Turbinaria ornata</i> -derived compounds: elucidating mechanisms of anticandidal and anticancer activities

<i>Candida</i> genera play a crucial role as infectious pathogens in humans and have the ability to form biofilms, which impede the efficacy of antifungal medications, thereby elevating resistance levels. In this present study, the extracts of <i>Turbinaria ornata</i> were used for the treatment of clinical isolates of <i>Candida</i> species, and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF MSE was employed for the chemical profiling of macroalgae extracts. The methanol extract of <i>T. ornata</i> has excellent with MIC (125 mg/mL), particularly against <i>C. krusei</i> by reduction of adhesion compared with acetone and ethyl acetate extracts. The toxicity assay has been assessed by the nauplii stage in <i>Artemia salina</i>. The LC₅₀ value for cultured control and treated A549 and 3T3 cells was noted as ≥1000 µg/µL and 292.35 µg/µL, respectively. Isofucosterol exhibits the maximum docking score among the targeted protein molecules. The current study shows the efficient of <i>Turbinaria ornata</i> extract against candidiasis and lung cancer.