The Influence of Principals’ Transformational Leadership, Availability of Educational Facilities and Infrastructure, and Digital Literacy on the Quality of Primary Schools in Sungai Apit District

This study aims to examine the influence of principals’ transformational leadership, the availability of educational facilities and infrastructure, and digital literacy on the quality of primary schools in Sungai Apit District. Using a quantitative approach and a multiple regression design, the research involved 168 primary school teachers selected through proportional random sampling. The results show that transformational leadership, facilities, and digital literacy each have a positive and significant effect on school quality. These findings affirm the strategic role of transformational leadership, adequate facilities, and digital competence in improving educational outcomes. The study recommends priority for leadership training, equitable distribution of educational facilities, and continuous development of teachers’ digital literacy. Future research is expected to expand the area of investigation and integrate other variables to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence school quality. Overall, the synergy among leadership, infrastructure, and digital skills is crucial to advancing the quality of primary education in the digital era.