Review of Multifunctional Neural Probe

Abstract Brain‐machine interfaces in neuroscience research and medical treatment utilize invasive neural probes that interface with the brain across various depths and locations. These probes have evolved significantly, driven by emerging neurotechnologies and advanced microfabrication processes. Modern multifunctional neural probes now integrate capabilities beyond basic electrical functions, incorporating chemical and optical interactions while addressing previous limitations in spatial‐temporal resolution, tissue response, multiplexing capability, and specificity. This survey examines recently developed multifunctional neural probes designed for signal acquisition and stimulation, demonstrating how these innovations enhance brain activity investigation with improved specificity and provide complementary insights that advance neuroscience research.