Buoyancy‐Driven Micropolar Fluid Flow Transport in Porous Media With Variable Heat Source and Convective Heating

ABSTRACT The objective of the current research is to characterize the thermal performance in micropolar fluid flows on a vertically elongated porous sheet in the presence of buoyancy forces. Thus, the motivation of this study is to improve the understanding of buoyancy‐driven micropolar fluid flows through porous media, which are relevant to advanced applications such as biofluid dynamics, polymer processing, electronic cooling, and energy systems. The additional physical aspects include the presence of a nonuniform heat source/sink, and the fluid flows across a porous medium under convective boundary conditions. The mathematical problem is nondimensionalized using the similarity transformation approach as a coupled set of ordinary differential equations derived from the governing partial differential equations. The transformed standard ordinary differential equations are subsequently solved using the Runge–Kutta fourth‐order method, along with the shooting technique, to evaluate the numerical findings of dependent quantities of physical importance through MATLAB. The impact of varied parameters on fluid momentum, angular momentum, and energy was analyzed and shown graphically. The results show that augmentation of the Grashof number creates a significant boost in the flow velocity, depicting the strength of thermal buoyancy in driving fluid motion. The microrotation field is seen to be strongly affected by the micropolar term, showing that microstructural fluid plays a leading role in angular momentum transport. A larger Biot number improves the surface heat transport rate, as confirmed by a boosted Nusselt number. The streamline patterns show that magnetic fields pointedly reshape the flow regime by damping the boundary layers and changing streamline curvature.