Analysis of the efficacy of corneal plastic lenses in adolescent myopic patients with different refractive errors

This study reveals the role of Ortho-K in myopia management by comparing multiple ocular parameters before and after wearing Ortho-K lenses in adolescent myopic patients with different refractive errors. The results show that naked-eye visual acuity significantly improved in all groups after 1 year of Ortho-K wear (P<0.01), and the initial differences in visual acuity disappeared after treatment (P=0.236), indicating that Ortho-K lenses significantly enhance vision across various myopia levels. Regarding axial length, no significant changes were observed within groups over 1 year (P>0.05), although intergroup differences persisted (P<0.01), suggesting that Ortho-K may not significantly slow axial elongation in the short term, which is consistent with myopia progression patterns. Additionally, the flat and steep K values significantly decreased in all groups (P<0.01), confirming that refractive correction is achieved through corneal reshaping. Before wearing the lenses, no significant differences in corneal curvature were found among groups; however, significant differences emerged after 1 year (P<0.01), with more pronounced curvature changes in the high myopia group, indicating that the correction effect for high myopia is achieved through more drastic corneal morphological changes. In terms of safety, no significant changes were found in central corneal thickness or endothelial cell density after 1 year of wear (P>0.05), indicating good short-term safety of Ortho-K lenses.