Proactive Defense Approach for Cyber–Physical Fusion-Based Power Distribution Systems in the Context of Attacks Targeting Link Information Systems Within Smart Substations

The cyber–physical integrated power distribution system is poised to become the predominant trend in the development of future power systems. Although the highly intelligent panoramic link information system in substations facilitates the efficient, cost-effective, and secure operation of the power system, it is also exposed to dual threats from both internal and external factors. Under intentional cyber information attacks, the operational data and equipment response capabilities of the panoramic link information system within smart substations can be illicitly manipulated, thereby disrupting dispatcher response decision-making and resulting in substantial losses. To tackle this challenge, this paper delves into the research on automatic verification and active defense mechanisms for the cyber–physical power distribution system under panoramic link attacks in smart substations. Initially, to mitigate internal risks stemming from the uncertainty of new energy output information, this paper utilizes a CGAN-IK-means model to generate representative scenarios. For scenarios involving external intentional cyber information attacks, this paper devises a fixed–flexible adjustment resource response strategy, making up for the shortfall in equipment response capabilities under information attacks through flexibility resource regulation. The proposed strategy is assessed based on two metrics, voltage level and load shedding volume, and computational efficiency is optimized through an enhanced firefly algorithm. Ultimately, the efficacy and viability of the proposed method are verified and demonstrated using a modified IEEE standard test system.