Current Key Intersections between Theoretical and Computational Archaeology

Abstract Computational archaeology and theoretical archaeology often appear as separate domains within the field, each driven by distinct methodologies and objectives. Through the lens of discussions held at the 2021 Central European Theoretical Archaeology Group (CE-TAG) conference and analysis of a follow-up questionnaire, this study explores the current trends and intersections between these areas to identify opportunities for meaningful integration. We highlight key challenges, such as the theoretical underpinnings of computer-assisted methods, the epistemological implications of data-driven approaches, and the need for open-science practices. Our findings emphasize the importance of mutual understanding and collaboration, particularly in research and education, in bridging divides and enhancing the synergy between these domains. By addressing shared concerns such as bias, scalability, and methodological transparency, we propose a framework for fostering innovation in both computational and theoretical archaeology while maintaining their shared goal of interpreting the human past.