Co-simulation approach for optimizing flexibility usage in an agent-based discrete-event simulation environment

The increasing amount of distributed energy generation and controllable loads is changing the use of distribution grids, which potentially results in grid congestions and necessitates grid expansion. But this transformation creates also flexibility, that can avoid grid congestions through the use of energy management systems. To integrate comprehensive grid models, fast simulation capabilities, and flexible incorporation of new methods, we present a two-stage hierarchical energy management system using an existing discrete-event distribution grid simulation within a co-simulation framework. In the bottom layer local energy management units control connected PV plants, loads and battery storages. Flexibility options are aggregated from the underlying assets and passed to a central energy management unit. The collected flexibility options are allocated by this entity to mitigate grid congestions while the individual behaviour of local energy management units is accounted for.