AMI-based non-firm LV grid connection for PV generators: first real-world experiments

Flexibility is crucial for enhancing electrical network performance, managing costs, and integrating decentralized generation, such as PV systems, EVs, and heat pumps. However, effectively implementing flexibility, particularly at the local level for low-voltage (LV) networks, presents significant challenges. This study builds on prior research into using advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) to facilitate non-firm grid connections in LV grids. Earlier work focused on developing a software solution to manage LV-level overvoltages and overloads by controlling PV generators through the AMI, requiring only a simple local communication gateway between the smart meter and the inverter as additional hardware. This solution was initially demonstrated in a laboratory setting on a reduced scale. In this article, we report on new field experiments aimed at validating the technology in real networks. These experiments revealed new challenges, including power-line communication (PLC) issues, sometimes correlated with peak PV generation hours. Such problems were not observed in small-scale lab tests but became prevalent in larger-scale trials. Additionally, the study identified other issues, including non-technical challenges like acceptability concerns among producers whose generators were controlled, potentially impacting the adoption of non-firm connections. These findings highlight necessary improvements to AMI-based flexibility mechanisms, addressing both technical barriers and stakeholder concerns.