Reducing peak demand of EV fast charging stations using interconnected solar-powered streetlights

Fast charging stations that charge electric vehicles (EVs) within minutes (e.g., 5–30 minutes) at high power are critical for EV adoption and transport sector electrification. Typically installed in public spaces like shopping malls, these stations place significant power demands on distribution networks, potentially causing localised grid overloads and voltage dips. This paper proposes a novel method to minimise peak demand at fast charging stations by utilising surplus energy from interconnected solar-powered streetlights. Each streetlight includes a solar panel, battery, LED lamp, and accessories, with unused stored energy often available during the day. By interconnecting these streetlights, their aggregated surplus energy can support EV fast chargers, reducing dependence on grid power during peak periods. Unlike prior studies focusing on standalone renewable systems, this research highlights how interconnected streetlights can meet the unique energy needs of fast chargers. The system’s operation is modelled as a quadratic optimisation problem. Results show significant peak demand reductions by 150 kW and improved grid independence to 26.5%, providing a scalable, cost-effective solution for EV charging infrastructure. This approach offers a transformative pathway for integrating EVs with urban renewable energy systems and is especially relevant in the Global South where solar-powered streetlights are widely adopted.