A Combination Delivery of Silver and Paclitaxel in Albumin Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Cells

Background: Breast cancer (BC) remains one of the most prevalent forms of cancer globally, presenting significant challenges in its treatment. The development of combination therapy utilizing nanoparticles (NPs) shows great promise in overcoming these complexities. Methods: In our study, a composition of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSANPs) loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) and silver nanoparticles (SNPs) was prepared and characterized to explore the therapeutic potential of combination drug therapy. The SNPs and PTX were incorporated into BSA NPs (SNPs-PTX@BSA) using a modified nanoprecipitation technique, resulting in uniformly sized, spherical NPs. Results: Upon evaluating dose dependency and cytotoxicity, SNPs-PTX@BSA treatment significantly increased levels of early and late apoptosis, caused a strong arrest in the S/G2/M phases, and elevated the subG1 cell population. Conclusion: The findings indicate that SNPs-PTX@BSA markedly affect cell death mechanisms and cell cycle regulation. Our results suggest that co-loaded delivery systems like SNPs-PTX@BSA hold significant promise as a therapeutic strategy to enhance clinical outcomes in the treatment of MDA-MB-231 invasive BC cells.