Wide-Area Backup Protection Area Division Method Considering Communication Constraints

Aiming at the partition requirements of regional centralized wide-area backup protection systems, this paper proposes a grid partition method considering communication constraints. Firstly, a mathematical model is constructed by combining the communication delay threshold and the channel bandwidth utilization rate, and the optimal number of master stations is dynamically determined. The communication delay threshold strictly meets the backup protection requirements of 10 to 15 ms, and the bandwidth utilization rate is optimized to a 50% balance point. Secondly, a weighted evaluation function is established based on the shortest communication distance and site connectivity, and the master station is selected according to a geographical dispersion constraint. Furthermore, the dual factors of data transmission delay and propagation delay are combined, in which the minimum bandwidth of the transmission delay correlation path and the length of the propagation delay correlation path are used to realize the optimal division of sub-stations using a graph theory algorithm. Finally, a standby master station with a physical isolation distance of not less than 50 km is selected in each sub-area to effectively deal with failure problems caused by a master station failure. The simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce the propagation delay and significantly improve the reliability of the protection system, while maintaining a balanced distribution of the number of substations.