Analysis of Problems and Countermeasures in Urban Infrastructure Franchising: A Case Study of Harbin

Urban infrastructure franchising has emerged as a crucial model for fostering public-private partnerships and expediting urban development. Nevertheless, numerous challenges have surfaced in practical implementation, compromising the efficiency and long-term sustainability of these projects. This research selects Harbin as a case study to investigate prevalent issues in urban infrastructure franchising and formulate appropriate solutions. Employing methodologies such as literature review, case analysis, and policy evaluation, the study identifies critical problems including incomplete legal frameworks, insufficient risk management mechanisms, restricted public involvement, and operational deficiencies. The research concludes that enhancing legislation, refining risk allocation mechanisms, strengthening public engagement strategies, and improving supervision frameworks are fundamental to boosting the performance of franchising projects. These findings offer valuable practical guidance for policymakers and stakeholders engaged in urban infrastructure development, contributing to more effective and sustainable urban growth through well-structured franchising arrangements that balance public interests with private sector efficiency.