The Enlightenment of Germanys Energy Transition to China

Climate change and global energy security have emerged as core challenges for countries worldwide, rendering energy transition a pivotal strategy to achieve low-carbon development. As a pioneer in renewable energy development, Germany achieved significant progress in energy transition during Angela Merkel's tenure, providing valuable experience for China. This study aims to systematically analyze the policy framework, implementation paths, as well as effectiveness and limitations of Germany's energy transition under Merkel's administration. By combining the current status of China's energy transition, it further puts forward targeted insights to offer references for China's achievement of the "dual carbon" goals. This paper adopts research methods including literature analysis, data analysis, and case study methods. So, In Germany, legislative safeguards, the participation of multiple stakeholders, and the setting of phased goals have been crucial to its success; however, high costs and unbalanced sectoral transition stand out as its prominent limitations. For China, the study concludes that it should balance the clean utilization of coal with the development of renewable energy, improve the legal system, activate market forces, and deepen international cooperation to advance the energy transition in a steady manner.