Bistable quartic soliton in saturable nonlinear media

This report presents a theoretical demonstration of a bistable quartic soliton (BQS) in saturable nonlinear media, specifically within a realistic dispersion-engineered ridge waveguide made of lithium niobate (${\text{LiNbO}}_{3}$). The study employs the variational method to establish the amplitude-width relationship, indicating the coexistence of stable solitons with the same duration but differing amplitudes. The impact of shock on the bistable soliton is examined through perturbative variational analysis, supported by numerical results. Additionally, we examine the interaction of BQS in different regimes and analyze the formation of the bound state. The robustness of the BQS under perturbations is further investigated via linear stability analysis.