Beyond the Incision: Incidence and Risk Factors of Hypertrophic Scarring Following Gender-Affirming Mastectomy
HS is a common postoperative complication following GAM, with non-White race and androgen therapy identified as significant risk factors. Patients should be counseled regarding their individual risk profile. High-risk patients should benefit from early preventive and therapeutic interventions. Future research should investigate perioperative androgen management that balance optimal scarring outcomes and patients' broader gender-affirming goals.
Authors
- Katherine H. Carruthers (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5928-1260)
- Josip Plascevic (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5620-6046)
- Matthew A. DePamphilis
- Shirley Shue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4562-1954)
- Dieter Manstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4508-045X)
- Katya Remy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-3437)
- William Gerald Austen
- Kenechi Iwelumo
- Uriel Rangel-Sanchez
Institutions
- Harvard University (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
- Published
- 2025-10-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1097/prs.0000000000012536
- Primary Topic
- Dermatologic Treatments and Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00