Research on Layout Optimization of Robot Packaging Production Line Based on NSGA-II Algorithm

The encapsulation of pressure-sensitive electronic components plays a critical role in ensuring product reliability; however, the current process remains highly dependent on manual operations, leading to low efficiency and harsh working conditions. To address these limitations, this study investigates the layout optimization of a robotic encapsulation production line for the WL11 line of Company X, where peripheral equipment is fixed while the robot base is movable. A bi-objective optimization model was formulated to simultaneously minimize operation time and motion energy consumption. The motion energy index was derived from a complete robot dynamics model augmented with a frictional energy term, while the operation time was modeled using the maximum runtime of the robot’s first three joints. To solve this constrained optimization problem, an improved NSGA-II algorithm was developed with real-coded chromosome representation, constraint-violation handling, and customized genetic operators to ensure engineering feasibility. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves 14.81% and 25.63% reductions in operation time and motion energy consumption, respectively, compared with the initial layout. This work provides a practical and generalizable framework for production line layout optimization under complex industrial constraints and offers valuable guidance for the intelligent upgrading of electronic component manufacturing.