Description and Control Levels of Hypertriglyceridemia Among Patients Attending Family Medicine Clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is a prevalent lipid disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and acute pancreatitis. Effective management of HTG remains a significant public health concern, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where prevalence rates vary widely. This study aims to assess the level of control of HTG among patients attending family medicine clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment modalities. Methods A cross-sectional chart review was conducted on patients from the National Guard Health Affairs Primary Health Care Centers in Riyadh between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2022. Adults (≥18 years) with triglyceride levels ≥1.7 mmol/L and at least two visits during the study period were included. Patients with renal or liver disease and certain metabolic conditions were excluded. Data were extracted from electronic medical records, including demographics, comorbidities, lipid profiles, and treatment regimens. Statistical analysis was performed to assess triglyceride level reductions and treatment efficacy. Results Among 415 patients (median age 62 years), 245 (59%) were female and 170 (41%) were male. Triglyceride levels significantly decreased from a median of 2.90 mmol/L to 1.70 mmol/L post-treatment (p < 0.001). Statins, particularly simvastatin 10 mg, showed a significant effect on triglyceride reduction (p = 0.049). Lifestyle modifications and marital status were also associated with improved outcomes. Conclusion HTG management in primary care settings showed promising results, with significant triglyceride reductions. Further studies should explore adherence to lifestyle interventions and additional pharmacological options to enhance HTG control and reduce CVD risk.