Automatic and adaptive optical wireless power transmission for IoT with dual mode of day and night charging

Optical wireless power transfer (OWPT) has emerged as a promising solution for efficient energy delivery. This study proposes an adaptive OWPT system capable of dynamically adjusting the beam spot size according to the distance and size of the optical receiver, enabling efficient energy concentration at distances of up to 5 m. Furthermore, the system incorporates optimized hybrid image processing techniques to enhance the localization accuracy of both the irradiation spot and optical receivers under varying lighting conditions, including both illuminated and unlit environments. Experimental results confirm that the system can stably power multiple receivers while seamlessly switching between bright and dark modes without interruption. The system consistently delivers reliable power across diverse scenarios, validating its adaptability and potential for scalable wireless power delivery in dynamic environments.