Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Digital Maturity of General Practitioner Practices: Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Study

This is the first study in which the dimensions of digital maturity in outpatient care for GP practices have been empirically identified and validated as the basis for developing a questionnaire. The findings provide a foundation for further research on measuring digital maturity in outpatient care and for advancing the development of digital maturity models. The questionnaire allows GPs to assess their practices' digitalization, identify areas for improvement (eg, infrastructure, staff skills), and support internal strategy or benchmarking. For policymakers, it offers a standardized tool to plan support measures and monitor digitalization progress.