Recent Advances in Layered Nanomaterial‐Based Flame Retardants for Polymer Composites

ABSTRACT Flame retardants are indispensable for the safe use of various polymers. In recent years, inorganic layered flame retardants have emerged as highly promising alternatives to halogen‐based counterparts, owing to their eco‐friendliness and excellent drip‐resistant characteristics. In this review, we systematically classify emerging nanomaterials (e.g., carbon‐based, layered structures, and Mxenes, etc.) and elucidate their dual‐phase flame‐retardant mechanisms (condensed‐phase char formation and gas‐phase radical quenching) with unprecedented synergy. Notably, we highlight innovative modifications that overcome limitations in dispersion efficiency and environmental toxicity while enhancing fire resistance. Furthermore, this work underscores multifunctional integrations, where materials like hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) and Ti 3 C 2 T X MXenes simultaneously improve thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and flame retardancy. Finally, we identify unresolved challenges (e.g., cost‐effective production) and forecast trends such as smart fire‐warning systems, offering a roadmap for next‐generation flame‐retardant materials.