“Yi Jing” (“意境”, Ideological World) and the lyric subject as categories of comparative poetics

The aim of the research is to identify differences in the forms of expression of authorial consciousness in Russian and Chinese poetry. The focus of this article is on the universals of verbal-artistic thinking and the processes of national and cultural identification, which are manifested in the aesthetic conception of the world and man and determine the principles of studying the subject sphere of lyrics. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, for the first time, based on a study of differences in the modes of thinking inherent in the Chinese and Western traditions, correlative to the subject forms of expression of authorial consciousness in Russian and European poetry are established categories of Chinese poetics that reflect the unity of the subjective and the objective. As a result of the research, it has been proven that regional differences in philosophical and ideological systems also form different types of poetics. Western dualism considers the relationship between man and nature as a relationship between subject and object. Eastern, in particular Chinese, philosophical monism perceives the relationship between man and nature as inter-subjective relationships. This led to the birth in Chinese poetics of the theory of “ideological world”, to which in Western aesthetics corresponds the doctrine of substance. The theory of the “ideological world”, developed by Wang Guowei, goes beyond the theory of subjectivity of Western existentialist philosophy, calling the subjectivity of Chinese culture with the academic term 无我 – non-being of the self. As another form of subjectivity, different from the world of “being of the self”, the world of “non-being of the self” requires a return to the Chinese philosophical tradition in order to understand its unique subtext. The results obtained can be used in constructing a comparative poetics of Russian and Chinese literature.