<scp>TA</scp> ‐ <scp>MXene</scp> /Cu ²⁺ Synergistically Reinforced Polyacrylamide Hybrid Hydrogels With High Compression Resistance and Strain‐Responsive Conductivity

ABSTRACT Hydrogels are types of stable gel materials formed by the dissolution of water‐soluble polymers, which have good biocompatibility, swelling features, and anti‐deformation. In this work, Ti 3 C 2 MXene sheets are prepared by the etching method with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and surface modified by tannic acid (TA) to form TA‐MXene sheets. The polyacrylamide (PAM) hybrid hydrogels with double networks were based on a copolymer with a mass ratio of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) at 7:1. TA‐MXene sheets and CuCl 2 were utilized as conductive reinforcements. By in situ polymerization, the PAM hybrid hydrogels synergistically reinforced by TA‐MXene/copper ion (Cu 2+ ) with double conductive networks were successfully fabricated. The compressive modulus of the TA‐MXene/Cu 2+ /PAM hybrid hydrogels is increased by 152.96% compared to PAM hydrogels. Under the synergistic effects of TA‐MXene and Cu 2+ , the conductivity of the TA‐MXene/Cu 2+ /PAM hybrid hydrogel is enhanced by 80.76%.