Coordinated Control Strategy for Active–Reactive Power in High-Proportion Renewable Energy Distribution Networks with the Participation of Grid-Forming Energy Storage

The high proportion of renewable energy connected to the grid has resulted in insufficient consumption capacity in distribution networks, while the construction of new-type power distribution systems has imposed higher reliability requirements. With its flexible power synchronization control capabilities, grid-forming energy storage systems possess the ability to both promote the consumption of distributed energy resources in new-type distribution networks and enhance their reliability. However, current control methods are still hindered by drawbacks such as high computational complexity and a singular optimization objective. To address this, this paper proposes an optimized strategy for unified active–reactive power coordinated control in high-proportion renewable energy distribution networks with the participation of multiple grid-forming energy storage systems. Firstly, to optimize the parameters of grid-forming energy storage systems more accurately, this paper employs an improved iterative self-organizing data analysis technique algorithm to generate typical scenarios consistent with the scheduling time scale. Quantile regression (QR) and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) clustering are utilized to generate typical scenarios for renewable energy output. Subsequently, considering operational constraints and equipment state constraints, a unified active–reactive power coordinated control model for the distribution network is established. Meanwhile, to ensure the optimality of the results, this paper adopts an improved northern goshawk optimization (NGO) algorithm to solve the model. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are validated and illustrated through an improved IEEE-33 bus test system tested on MATLAB 2024B. Through analysis, the proposed method can reduce the average voltage fluctuation by 6.72% and increase the renewable energy accommodation rate by up to 8.64%.