Green and Secure Data Centers: Balancing Energy Efficiency with Advanced Cybersecurity Measures

With the rapid increase in global data demand, data centers have emerged as the primary drivers of digital transformation and the foremost contributors to worldwide information and communication technology (ICT) energy consumption. This article examines the twin necessity of constructing environmentally sustainable and secure data centers through the integration of energy-efficient designs with sophisticated cybersecurity measures. This research develops a cohesive AI-driven framework by synthesizing eleven contemporary studies published between 2023 and 2024, including contributions from Kaur et al., Hasan et al., Mahmud et al., Rahman et al., and Faisal et al., which integrates sustainability metrics (e.g., Power Usage Effectiveness and carbon intensity) with cyber-resilience indicators (e.g., anomaly-detection accuracy and mean-time-to-respond). The research delineates three essential integration layers: (a) sustainable computing and intelligent resource administration, (b) AI-augmented cybersecurity utilizing big data and blockchain technology, and (c) governance via management information systems (MIS). Findings indicate that the proposed AI–Green Secure Data Center Framework can decrease energy usage by 20–25% and enhance threat-response efficiency by 30–40%. The framework promotes a novel paradigm for sustainable and resilient digital infrastructure in the context of Industry 5.0 by integrating ecological stewardship with digital security.