Textual quantitative research and implications of China’s medical education policies—analysis based on the “tool-development-intensity” three-dimensional framework

China's medical education policies exhibit a characteristic "environment-dominated, safeguarding-priority" pattern, reflecting strong state mobilization and institutional regulation. However, significant shortcomings remain in stimulating grassroots innovation, promoting diversified institutional models, and supporting international research collaboration. Future efforts should optimize the policy tool structure, increase investment in supply-demand policies for critical weak links, and advance the coordinated, high-quality development of the medical education system.