Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens in Children Under Three Years

Sensitization to Inhalant Allergens in Children Under Three YearsAbstractBackground: Recent studies indicate that allergic sensitization may initiate during infancy, encompassing sensitivities to inhalant allergens.Objective: The goal of this study is to assess the importance and patterns of sensitization to airborne allergens in children younger than three years old.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 14 children aged between 12 and 36 months who had confirmed sensitization to at least one inhalant allergen. The sensitization was verified through skin prick testing (SPT) and/or serum-specific IgE testing. We evaluated clinical symptoms, comorbid conditions, and the family history of atopy.Results: The study included 14 children (8 males, 6 females; mean age: 22 months). The most common presenting symptom was wheezing (92%), followed by eczema exacerbations (14%) and allergic rhinitis (7.1%). A first-degree family history of atopy was identified in 52% of the cohort. Within the individuals, 9 (64.2%) were found to be sensitive to ragweed allergens, while 4 patients (28.5%) demonstrated sensitivity to dust mite allergens (D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae), which were the most common allergens. Conclusion: Sensitization to airborne allergens in children under three years is linked to significant symptoms and family atopy. Early detection can guide interventions that change the atopic trajectory.