Overcoming limitations in Chan-Lam amination with alkylboronic esters via aminyl radical substitution
Chan-Lam coupling represents one of the most reliable methods for constructing C(sp<sup>2</sup>)-N bonds under mild conditions. However, application of this technology as a general platform for C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-N bond assembly remains a longstanding challenge due to the inherent limitation in boron-to-copper transmetalation. In contrast to the conventional two-electron process, the rapid capture of alkyl radicals by copper(II) complex affording the reactive high-valent copper(III) intermediate, has become a key part of the emerging approaches to forge C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-N bonds. Here, we report an N-alkylation protocol that overcomes the limitations of Chan-Lam coupling by using versatile alkylboronic pinacol esters (APEs) as radical precursors via aminyl radical-mediated boron abstraction. This distinct approach enables a versatile N-alkylation applicable to a wide range of APEs and N-nucleophiles with diverse functional groups. Synthetic utility of this protocol is further demonstrated by its ease of scalability, sequential N-alkylation of substrate with multiple reactive sites, and the late-stage modification of several complex bioactive materials.
Authors
- Hong‐Ping Xiao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-7976)
- Panting Cao
- Tao Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3071-8542)
- Wenhui Xiong
Institutions
- Nanchang University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2025-10-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64155-x
- Citations
- 7
- Primary Topic
- Synthesis and Catalytic Reactions
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 6.55
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China