A Rare Case of Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Multimodal Approach

Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma (PAIS) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, imaging features, and laboratory findings, PAIS is frequently misdiagnosed as pulmonary embolism (PE), leading to delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. Multimodal imaging, including echocardiography, Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET/CT), and histopathology, is critical for accurate diagnosis. We present a case of PAIS with atypical manifestations, aiming to improve early clinical recognition and emphasize the role of a multimodal approach in early diagnosis for PAIS patients.