A Systematic Review of The Implementation of Pointing and Calling and Risk-Triggered Commentary in The Railway Industry

Safety is fundamental in the railway industry. Human factors play an important role in train operations. Human error among railway operators has the potential to result in fatal accidents. This study aims to synthesize and critically review the available literature on human error prevention through a human-centered approach in the railway industry. Common error prevention methods applied by railway operators are pointing-and-calling (PAC) and risk-triggered commentary (RTC). This research adopted the PRISMA 2000 guideline. The literature search in Google Scholar and the Scopus database yielded 470 records; however, only 10 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings from this systematic review indicate that there are two main differences between PAC and RTC, namely the sensory component involved in error prevention and the concept of implementation. In PAC, there is a combination of the operator's brain, eyes, hands, mouth, and ears, which enhances situational awareness, strengthens memory, improves concentration, speeds up attention focus, and improves operator response. The implementation of PAC has been shown to reduce subway door opening errors in Toronto by 53% and signal violations in San Diego by 38%. In contrast, the application of RTC combines visual and auditory sensory elements to enhance the operator’s awareness of safety-related hazards. Telaah Sistematis Penerapan Tunjuk Sebut dan Risk-Triggered Commentary pada Industri Perkeretaapian Keselamatan adalah hal yang fundamental pada industri perkeretaapian. Faktor manusia berperan penting pada operasi kereta api. Human error pada operator perkeretaapian berpotensi menimbulkan kecelakaan fatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengulas secara kritis literatur yang tersedia terkait pencegahan human error dengan pendekatan manusia pada industri perkeretaapian. Metode pencegahan error yang umum diterapkan oleh operator perkeretaapian adalah tunjuk sebut dan risk-triggered commentary (RTC). Penelitian ini mengacu pedoman PRISMA 2000. Pencarian literatur pada database Google Scholar dan Scopus menghasilkan 470 catatan; namun, hanya 10 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Temuan dari telaah sistematis adalah terdapat dua perbedaan utama antara tunjuk sebut dan RTC, yaitu komponen sensorik yang terlibat dalam pencegahan error dan konsep pelaksanaannya. Pada tunjuk sebut, terdapat kombinasi antara otak, mata, tangan, mulut dan telinga operator sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran situasional, memperkuat memori, meningkatkan konsentrasi, mempercepat fokus perhatian dan meningkatkan respon operator. Praktik tunjuk sebut terbukti menurunkan kesalahan buka pintu kereta bawah tanah di Toronto sebesar 53% dan pelanggaran sinyal di San Diago sebesar 38%. Berbeda dengan penerapan RTC mengkombinasikan elemen sensorik visual dan pendengaran sehingga meningkatkan kesadaran operator terhadap bahaya terkait keselamatan

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Journal
Jurnal Kesmas (Kesehatan Masyarakat) Khatulistiwa
Published
2025-06-15
DOI
https://doi.org/10.29406/jkmk.v12i2.7726
Primary Topic
Occupational Health and Safety Research
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article
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article

A Systematic Review of The Implementation of Pointing and Calling and Risk-Triggered Commentary in The Railway Industry

Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Pristi Dwi Puspitasari
Jurnal Kesmas (Kesehatan Masyarakat) Khatulistiwa
Occupational Health and Safety Research
article

A Systematic Review of The Implementation of Pointing and Calling and Risk-Triggered Commentary in The Railway Industry

Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Pristi Dwi Puspitasari
article en

Abstract

Safety is fundamental in the railway industry. Human factors play an important role in train operations. Human error among railway operators has the potential to result in fatal accidents. This study aims to synthesize and critically review the available literature on human error prevention through a human-centered approach in the railway industry. Common error prevention methods applied by railway operators are pointing-and-calling (PAC) and risk-triggered commentary (RTC). This research adopted the PRISMA 2000 guideline. The literature search in Google Scholar and the Scopus database yielded 470 records; however, only 10 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Findings from this systematic review indicate that there are two main differences between PAC and RTC, namely the sensory component involved in error prevention and the concept of implementation. In PAC, there is a combination of the operator's brain, eyes, hands, mouth, and ears, which enhances situational awareness, strengthens memory, improves concentration, speeds up attention focus, and improves operator response. The implementation of PAC has been shown to reduce subway door opening errors in Toronto by 53% and signal violations in San Diego by 38%. In contrast, the application of RTC combines visual and auditory sensory elements to enhance the operator’s awareness of safety-related hazards. Telaah Sistematis Penerapan Tunjuk Sebut dan Risk-Triggered Commentary pada Industri Perkeretaapian Keselamatan adalah hal yang fundamental pada industri perkeretaapian. Faktor manusia berperan penting pada operasi kereta api. Human error pada operator perkeretaapian berpotensi menimbulkan kecelakaan fatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengulas secara kritis literatur yang tersedia terkait pencegahan human error dengan pendekatan manusia pada industri perkeretaapian. Metode pencegahan error yang umum diterapkan oleh operator perkeretaapian adalah tunjuk sebut dan risk-triggered commentary (RTC). Penelitian ini mengacu pedoman PRISMA 2000. Pencarian literatur pada database Google Scholar dan Scopus menghasilkan 470 catatan; namun, hanya 10 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Temuan dari telaah sistematis adalah terdapat dua perbedaan utama antara tunjuk sebut dan RTC, yaitu komponen sensorik yang terlibat dalam pencegahan error dan konsep pelaksanaannya. Pada tunjuk sebut, terdapat kombinasi antara otak, mata, tangan, mulut dan telinga operator sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran situasional, memperkuat memori, meningkatkan konsentrasi, mempercepat fokus perhatian dan meningkatkan respon operator. Praktik tunjuk sebut terbukti menurunkan kesalahan buka pintu kereta bawah tanah di Toronto sebesar 53% dan pelanggaran sinyal di San Diago sebesar 38%. Berbeda dengan penerapan RTC mengkombinasikan elemen sensorik visual dan pendengaran sehingga meningkatkan kesadaran operator terhadap bahaya terkait keselamatan

Jurnal Kesmas (Kesehatan Masyarakat) KhatulistiwaVol. 12(2)
University of Indonesia (ID)
Openalex Percentile: Top 59%
Occupational Health and Safety Research
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