Revisiting the Role of Gender and Beauty in Entrepreneurship: A Large-Scale Conceptual Replication

Some research has suggested that investors prefer pitches made by men rather than women entrepreneurs, and physically attractive men entrepreneurs are even more successful than their physically unattractive counterparts. However, empirical evidence remains limited. We re-examine these findings using a large archival dataset with 9,285 entrepreneurs across 13 industries and 105 countries between the years of 2014 to 2018. Our results replicate the female penalty effect—women raised 12.9% less funds compared to men. However, we found that the physical attractiveness of the entrepreneurs has a negative main effect on startups’ success, and that this effect is only significant for men entrepreneurs.

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Publication Details

Journal
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Published
2025-10-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587251382870
Primary Topic
Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Revisiting the Role of Gender and Beauty in Entrepreneurship: A Large-Scale Conceptual Replication

Wanjiang Deng
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice
Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
article

Revisiting the Role of Gender and Beauty in Entrepreneurship: A Large-Scale Conceptual Replication

Wanjiang Deng
article en

Abstract

Some research has suggested that investors prefer pitches made by men rather than women entrepreneurs, and physically attractive men entrepreneurs are even more successful than their physically unattractive counterparts. However, empirical evidence remains limited. We re-examine these findings using a large archival dataset with 9,285 entrepreneurs across 13 industries and 105 countries between the years of 2014 to 2018. Our results replicate the female penalty effect—women raised 12.9% less funds compared to men. However, we found that the physical attractiveness of the entrepreneurs has a negative main effect on startups’ success, and that this effect is only significant for men entrepreneurs.

Entrepreneurship Theory and PracticeVol. 50(2)
Zhejiang University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 62%
Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
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