Cyber-physical test platform for characterisation of DER communications and control architectures

This paper introduces a cyber-physical test platform to evaluate communication and control architectures for Distributed Energy Resources (DER) in residential settings. The platform integrates hardware-in-the-loop simulations, real-time network modelling, and standardised communication protocols, including IEEE 2030.5 and SunSpec Modbus. A gateway device facilitates secure cloud-based monitoring and control of smart inverters, supporting functions such as active power curtailment and remote configuration of control modes (e.g., volt-var and power factor), functions relevant to Distribution System Operator (DSO) operational objectives. Results demonstrate the role of the gateway in enabling interoperability and addressing communication delays. The study highlights the importance of standardisation and testing frameworks in addressing challenges associated with scaling DER integration and provides a foundation for future field trials.