Analisis teknik edukasi untuk meningkatkan keterampilan bantuan hidup dasar pada orang awam: A literature review

Background: Basic Life Support (BLS) skills play a crucial role in emergency situations, such as sudden cardiac arrest and accidents, where timely and appropriate first aid can save lives. Although public awareness of the importance of BLS has increased, many laypeople still lack adequate knowledge and practical skills to perform BLS effectively. Purpose: To formulate effective educational techniques to improve basic life support skills in the general public. Method: A literature review was conducted by searching articles from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases using a combination of keywords such as "Basic Life Support education," "CPR training for the general public," "Basic Life Support," "BLS education for the general public," and "non-medical first aid training." The articles analyzed were full-text articles in Indonesian and English, published between 2014 and 2024, specifically addressing BLS educational methods for the non-medical population. Twenty-five articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Educational methods such as lectures, simulations, educational videos, and comic-based media were proven effective in improving BLS skills in the general public. These findings were consistent across various groups, including students, teachers, parents, and the general public, indicating that a structured educational approach can improve community preparedness. Conclusion: Education on basic life support (BLS) skills plays a very important role in increasing community preparedness in dealing with emergency situations, especially cardiac arrest and accidents. Keywords: Basic Life Support; Education; Lay People. Pendahuluan: Keterampilan bantuan hidup dasar (BHD) memiliki peran penting dalam situasi darurat, seperti henti jantung mendadak dan kecelakaan, di mana tindakan pertolongan pertama yang cepat dan tepat dapat menyelamatkan nyawa. Meskipun kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya BHD terus meningkat, banyak orang awam masih belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang memadai untuk melakukan tindakan BHD secara efektif. Tujuan: Untuk merumuskan teknik edukasi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan bantuan hidup dasar pada orang awam. Metode: Penelitian literature review dengan penelusuran artikel dari basis data Scopus, PubMed, dan Google Scholar menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci seperti “Basic Life Support education”, “CPR training for lay people”, “Bantuan Hidup Dasar”, “edukasi BHD untuk masyarakat awam”, dan “pelatihan pertolongan pertama non-medis”. Artikel yang dianalisis adalah artikel full-text berbahasa Indonesia dan english, diterbitkan dalam rentang waktu 2014–2024, dan secara khusus membahas metode edukasi BHD pada populasi non-medis. Sebanyak 25 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan thematic analysis. Hasil: Edukasi seperti ceramah, simulasi, video edukasi, dan media berbasis komik telah terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan BHD pada masyarakat umum. Temuan ini konsisten di berbagai kelompok, termasuk siswa, guru, orang tua, dan masyarakat umum yang menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan edukasi yang terstruktur dapat meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat. Simpulan: Edukasi tentang keterampilan bantuan hidup dasar (BHD) memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi situasi darurat, khususnya henti jantung dan kecelakaan. Kata Kunci: Bantuan Hidup Dasar; Edukasi; Orang Awam.