Implicational Tautologies with One Variable and Its Negation in Fuzzy Logics

We continue the research on quantitative comparison of two fuzzy logics: the Łukasiewicz logic and the Gödel-Dummett one. In 2020, we analytically computed the truth density and SAT density (with a specified precision) for both of these (3-valued) logics, restricted to a single-variable implication-negation language. A similar study was carried out for both of these logics restricted to an implicational language with two variables in 2022. There occurred that asymptotically they are very close. In the current paper we are expanding our investigation to 4-valued Łukasiewicz’s logic and Gödel-Dummett’s one, but in even simpler language consisting of implication and two literals. We prove that asymptotically around 50% of formulas in such a language are tautologies (in both cases of the Łukasiewicz logic and the Gödel-Dummett one).

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Publication Details

Journal
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS
Published
2025-10-14
DOI
https://doi.org/10.37394/23206.2025.24.61
Primary Topic
Advanced Algebra and Logic
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Implicational Tautologies with One Variable and Its Negation in Fuzzy Logics

Zofia Kostrzycka
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICS
Advanced Algebra and Logic
article

Implicational Tautologies with One Variable and Its Negation in Fuzzy Logics

Zofia Kostrzycka
article en

Abstract

We continue the research on quantitative comparison of two fuzzy logics: the Łukasiewicz logic and the Gödel-Dummett one. In 2020, we analytically computed the truth density and SAT density (with a specified precision) for both of these (3-valued) logics, restricted to a single-variable implication-negation language. A similar study was carried out for both of these logics restricted to an implicational language with two variables in 2022. There occurred that asymptotically they are very close. In the current paper we are expanding our investigation to 4-valued Łukasiewicz’s logic and Gödel-Dummett’s one, but in even simpler language consisting of implication and two literals. We prove that asymptotically around 50% of formulas in such a language are tautologies (in both cases of the Łukasiewicz logic and the Gödel-Dummett one).

WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICSVol. 24
Technology Applications (United States) (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 70%
Advanced Algebra and Logic
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