Migration processes in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2000–2022

Relevance. A decrease in population over the last decade has been observed in the Arctic zone of both the Russian Federation and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). This situation is mainly due to unfavorable medical and demographic processes: low birth rates, relatively high mortality rates in the 13 regions/uluses of the republic that are part of the Arctic group. As our studies have shown, it is also necessary to pay attention to unfavorable migration processes in most of the considered areas. Objective. Analysis and assessment of the dynamics of migration process indicators in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period 2000–2022. Material and methods. The analysis was based on official state statistics. Initially, the percentile method was used to calculate the levels of indicators for arrivals, departures and the migration balance in all districts/uluses of the republic, then the analysis was continued for a group of 13 Arctic uluses. Results. Only the 2010s were favorable, when the number of arrivals in the Arctic zone relatively exceeded similar indicators in the republic as a whole, in the 2020s these indicators worsened compared to the national average. In terms of the relative number of departures, 5 uluses showed unsatisfactory results. In terms of migration balance in 2021, all 13 uluses had worse indicators than the national average. In general, the unfavorable dynamics of migration processes in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is clearly confirmed by the presented tables and diagrams. Conclusion. Based on the results of our study, we conclude that migration processes in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are unfavorable.