Review of Russian and Foreign Literature on the Problem of Osteoarthritis Phenotyping

Introduction. The article presents an overview of modern articles by leading Russian and foreign experts in rheumatology concerning the topic of osteoarthritis phenotyping and new, modern approaches to the treatment of this nosology. Recent scientific research has focused on the phenotypic approach to the study of this disease, which allows taking into account the diversity of its pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. The objective of the study: to study and summarize modern data in the Russian and foreign literature on the problem of osteoarthritis phenotyping. Methods and materials. The article provides an analysis of sources of Russian and foreign scientific literature presented in the scientific electronic library eLibrary and databases such as PubMed, concerning the problem of osteoarthritis phenotyping. Results and discussion. The study showed that OA is a multifactorial condition that includes various phenotypes due to genetic, metabolic, mechanical and inflammatory causes. These phenotypes not only differ in pathogenetic mechanisms and severity of the disease, but also naturally require different treatment strategies. Conclusion. Phenotyping is a key tool for optimizing the diagnosis and treatment of patients with OA. The introduction of phenotyping into clinical practice helps to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic methods and improve the quality of life of patients. The increasing incidence of OA dictates the need for further research in the field of phenotyping.