Evaluating the Acceptability of HASMEP-T: A Qualitative Study Among Thai Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV Using the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability

The HIV/AIDS Self-Management Education Program-Thai (HASMEP-T) was developed to enhance self-management capabilities among Thai men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV through a structured, group-based, educational approach. To assess the program's acceptability, a qualitative study guided by the theoretical framework of acceptability was conducted with 30 MSM who completed the 14-session intervention at a hospital-based HIV clinic. Thematic analysis revealed high acceptability across all seven theoretical framework of acceptability domains. Participants described increased self-efficacy in managing their condition, strengthened peer and provider support, and improved medication adherence. The program's cultural relevance and supportive delivery environment fostered trust and belonging. However, logistical barriers-including transportation costs, time constraints, and fear of HIV disclosure-limited consistent engagement. Addressing these barriers and incorporating digital health tools may improve accessibility and sustainability. Overall, HIV/AIDS Self-Management Education Program-Thai shows promise as a feasible, community-based model for HIV self-management tailored to the needs of Thai MSM.