CPW‐fed Ultra‐Wideband Antenna for High‐Resolution Microwave Imaging in Breast Tumor Detection

ABSTRACT This paper presents the design, simulation, and performance analysis of a novel compact Coplanar waveguide (CPW‐fed) ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna optimized for high‐resolution microwave imaging in breast cancer detection. The proposed antenna integrates a rectangular–triangular radiating patch with strategically placed circular and triangular slots, achieving a wide impedance bandwidth from 0.66 GHz to 9.06 GHz with return loss |S 11 | < –10 dB. Through systematic parametric studies and three‐stage design evolution, the antenna demonstrates triple‐band operation with minimal return losses (–45.97, –22.05, and –58.37 dB) and stable radiation efficiency over 80%. Comparative substrate analysis using RT/duroid 5880, Arlon AD600, and FR‐4 confirms the FR‐4 substrate as a cost‐effective choice for reliable imaging performance. The antenna's compact profile (30 × 22 × 1.635 mm 3 ), high gain (up to 3.42 dBi), and directional radiation patterns make it well‐suited for wearable or portable near‐field microwave imaging systems aimed at multi‐stage tumor detection.