The Mechanics and Drawbacks of the Semi-linked Proportional Representation System in Korea

This article analyzes the operational mechanics of the semi-linked proportional representation system applied in the 21st and 22nd general elections, points out its drawbacks, and suggests alternatives to mitigate them. One of the problems with the current system is that applying rounding or Hare methods during the intermediate stage of seat allocation can lead to unfair results, where parties with fewer votes are allocated more seats. As a way to solve this problem, the article suggests the 'unified method,' which involves integerizing only at the final stage of the seat allocation process. A more serious problem with the current electoral system is its failure to prevent strategic acts that undermine the purpose of the system, such as the creation of decoy parties. As a solution to this problem, the article suggests introducing the 'one-person, one-vote system'(mixed single vote) instead of the current 'one-person, two-vote system' and analyzes its effects. As a result, the article concludes that although the one-person, one-vote system is a better alternative than the existing one-person, two-vote system, it is not a desirable alternative considering the possibility of utilizing a 'party-split strategy' based on regionalism.