Global, regional, and national burden of gallbladder and biliary tract diseases: A systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years with projections to 2050

Despite a decline in age-standardized incidence and mortality rates, gallbladder and biliary tract diseases still impose a considerable health burden worldwide. Their prevalence demonstrates substantial regional, socioeconomic, age, and sex differences. Global health practitioners and policymakers should focus on timely identification of high-risk groups and initiation of targeted prevention strategies.