6GQoS: A Flow-Level QoS Assurance Framework for Next-Generation 6G Networks

The 6G network aspires to deliver everyone-centric services with stringent and dynamic QoS demands. Compared to 4G/5G, 6G requires finer-grained, per-flow resource allocation that accounts for real-time traffic variations and highly dynamic wireless channel conditions to improve user satisfaction. However, enabling per-flow QoS introduces substantial complexity in scheduling, and existing heuristic-based approaches—lacking long-term resource planning and global channel awareness—struggle to ensure fairness and service satisfaction, especially under high load and large-scale scenarios.In this paper, we present 6GQoS, a flow-level QoS assurance framework that integrates real-time QoS target setting, long-term resource management, and global channel awareness. 6GQoS continuously monitors user channel conditions, traffic demands, and service-level objectives to dynamically adjust per-flow service targets. It models long-term resource allocation via Lyapunov control theory and incorporates a novel BestUsage algorithm to guide scheduling decisions based on queue states, bandwidth gains, and resource costs. Extensive evaluations show that 6GQoS outperforms all baselines, achieving 40%–80% higher service satisfaction, reducing radio resource usage by 20%–80%, and consistently ensuring 100% fairness.