Maintaining Positive Pressure and Effective Heat Dissipation in a Powerhouse Using COMSOL Multiphysics

This study presents a steady-state CFD simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics to model the ventilation and heat dissipation in a 60 MW powerhouse under worst-case external conditions of 47°C. The model aims to maintain positive pressure and dissipate thermal loads from six Hyundai Himsen H35GV 10 MW engines and auxiliary equipment. The ventilation strategy involves mechanical air injection through low-level fans and extraction via ceiling-mounted louvers, using specifications from manufacturer datasheets. The realizable k-ε turbulence model coupled with conjugate heat transfer was used to capture flow and temperature fields. The results show that the system maintains an average internal overpressure of 57 Pa, preventing dust ingress, and keeps the internal temperature below 56 °C, ensuring a safe margin from critical equipment limits. Results show successful pressure containment and temperature control. Unlike hand calculations which only estimate maximum temperature rise, the CFD model captures detailed temperature distribution and accounts for the impact of internal pressure on reducing inlet airflow and velocity. The study establishes a validated baseline for future dynamic simulations with variable engine loads, outdoor temperatures, and VFD-controlled fans to optimize energy efficiency.