A Coplanar Super Wide-Band Monopole Antenna based on Volcano Smoke Radiator

The growing demand for higher data rates and larger bandwidths has driven the development of new antenna technologies. To address these needs, this paper proposes a super wideband (SWB) monopole antenna based on the Volcano Smoke Antenna (VSA) radiator. The design highlights the crucial role of curved ground planes in enhancing bandwidth performance. As a result, an SWB antenna with a curved ground plane was developed, capable of covering 5 G frequency bands and IoT applications. The proposed antenna achieves a VSWR <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\leq 2$</tex> bandwidth of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$20: 1(2.38-49.8 \text{GHz})$</tex>, an electrical size of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.27 \times$</tex> 0.27 at the maximum wavelength (<tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\lambda$</tex>), and a measured realized gain of 4.8 dBi. The antenna was fabricated using FR4 as the dielectric material.