Management of Acute Pulmonary Edema at The Resuscitation Department of The Ziguinchor Peace Hospital

Introduction: Acute pulmonary edema is a common condition for which the management is an emergency.It is classic to distinguish two types of pulmonary edema: cardiogenic and lesional. Objectives:To evaluate the management of acute pulmonary edema in the intensive care unit. Methodology:We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study.It took place over a 12-month period from January 1st to December 31st, 2023. Results:We collected 62 patients during the study period, a frequency of 16%.The average age was 59.1 years with extremes of 20 and 99 years.The sex ratio was 1. Pulmonary edema was lesional in 74.4% and cardiogenic in 25.6% of patients.Pulmonary embolism found in 30.6% and pneumonia in 32.3% were the main etiologies of lesional pulmonary edema.Hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy found in 14.5% was the main etiology of cardiogenic pulmonary edema.Antibiotic therapy was administered in 79% of patients and corticosteroid therapy in 22% in the treatment of pulmonary oedema.More than half of the patients, 69%, received painkillers.Diuretics were administered in 24% of patients.Noradrenaline was administered in 16.13% and dobutamine in 11.3%.Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) was used in 73% of patients, high-flow oxygenation in 6% and invasive ventilation in 19%.We reported 69.4% of deaths secondary to pulmonary edema with injury. Conclusion:The distinction between these two types of edemas is important, as it guides the treatment and can have an impact on the prognosis of patients.