Comparison of Nanocomposites Groups Performance in Cements: A Review

The performance of cement-based materials is affected by physicochemical processes occurring at the nanoscale. As a result, incorporating nanomaterials into civil engineering applications to develop nano-modified cement-based materials has emerged as a promising research area. Significant efforts in nanotechnology have focused on exploring the unique behaviors and properties of materials at the nanoscale. In past decades, numerous research efforts have aimed to boost the properties of materials based on cement, using various nanomaterials while investigating the mechanisms behind nano-reinforcement. This work offers a detailed review of the newer advancements in nano-engineered cementitious materials. It first examines the fundamental properties and dispersion techniques of commonly used nanomaterials, such as nanotubes and graphene, in cementitious systems. Subsequently, it reviews the evolution of such composites in terms of workability, mechanical performance, and durability. Lastly, the study highlights the existing challenges in this research field and offers insights for future developments.