Natural Antihypertensive Peptides: Emerging Therapeutics for Blood Pressure Management

ABSTRACT: Hypertension, a primary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, continues to be a significant global public health challenge. In the pursuit of effective, secure, and sustainable antihypertensive treatments, there has been an increasing emphasis on natural sources, particularly bioactive peptides derived from proteins found in various foods, including milk, fish, and meat. This review delves into advanced bioanalytical methodologies used to quantify and evaluate the pharmacokinetics of emerging antihypertensive peptides obtained from these natural sources. Moreover, this review explores the potential contributions of nanotechnology and bioinformatics in enhancing the delivery and bioavailability of antihypertensive peptides, with the prospect of fostering the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Additionally, we underscore the role of biotechnology in facilitating the large-scale production of these peptides while addressing concerns pertaining to their stability and safety. In conclusion, the application of advanced bioanalytical techniques, coupled with a deeper comprehension of pharmacokinetics, offers a promising pathway to unlock the full potential of antihypertensive peptides sourced from natural origins. Ultimately, this endeavour holds the potential to make significant contributions to the management and prevention of hypertension and associated cardiovascular diseases.